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Showing posts from May, 2020

Respiratory Depression

What Is Respiratory Depression? Respiratory depression, medically known as  hypoventilation  is a breathing disorder characterized by slow and ineffective breathing. During a normal breathing cycle, you inhale O2 (oxygen) into your lungs while your blood carries the oxygen around your body, delivering it to your tissues.  Your blood then takes the CO2, (carbon dioxide) a waste product, back to your lungs. The carbon dioxide exits your body when you exhale. During the respiratory depression, the body can’t adequately remove carbon dioxide and this is crucial since it can lead to poor use of oxygen by lungs. The result is a higher level of carbon dioxide and too little oxygen available to the body. NB:  Hypoventilation is different from hyperventilation. Hyperventilation is when you breathe too quickly, lowering levels of cO2 in the blood. Symptoms of Hypoventilation vary. Mild or moderate symptoms may include: tiredness, daytime sleepiness, shortness of brea...

Cocaine Cartels And The Cocaine Trade.

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Cocaine Cartels And The Cocaine Trade As A whole. To begin with, a " C artel"  is a group of independent market participants who merge with each other in order to improve their profits and dominate a particular market. Cartels are usually associations in the same sphere of business, and thus an alliance of rivals.   Cartel behavior includes price-fixing, bid-rigging, and reductions in output. States and countries that pursue economic interests may form cartels such as the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). Cartels are distinguished from other forms of collusion or anti-competitive organization such as corporate mergers. Cartels have existed since ancient times. During the European Middle Ages, associations of craftsmen or merchants of the same trade, have been regarded as cartel-like.  In the late Middle Ages, there existed very well organized sales cartels in the mining industry of like the “1301 salt syndicate” in France and N...

The History Of Heroin.

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A Small History Behind The Development Of Heroin. The story of Heroin all begins from the opium poppy which was developed in lower Mesopotamia as quite a while in the past as 3400 BC. Heroin was made by  Alder Wright  in 1874 from the drug morphine, a natural product of the  opium poppy .  Internationally.  The substance examination of opium in the nineteenth century uncovered that the vast majority of its movement could be attributed to the alkaloids codeine and morphine . Diamorphine was first blended in 1874 by C. R. Birch Wright, an English scientist working at St. Mary's Hospital Medical School in London who had been testing consolidating morphine with different acids. He bubbled anhydrous morphine alkaloid with acidic anhydride for a few hours and delivered an increasingly strong, acetylated type of morphine which is currently called diacetylmorphine or morphine diacetate . He sent the compound to F. M. Puncture of Owens College in Manche...
Cocaine Use And The Course Of The Popularization:  Cocaine use and the road to fame all began when Pope Leo XIII purportedly conveyed a hip flagon of the coca-treated Vin Mariani with him and granted a Vatican gold decoration to Angelo Mariani. In 1859, an Italian specialist, Paolo Mantegazza, came back from the Peruvian Country, where he had seen direct the utilization of coca by the neighborhood indigenous people groups. He continued to investigate himself and upon his arrival to Milan, he composed a paper in which he portrayed the impacts. In this paper, he pronounced coca and cocaine (at the time they were thought to be equivalent to) being valuable therapeutically, in the treatment of "a furred tongue in the first part of the day, fart, and brightening of the teeth." A physicist named Angelo Mariani who read Mantegazza's paper turned out to be promptly captivated with coca and its financial potential. In 1863, Mariani began promoting a wine called Vin M...